C++ for new friends

It is recommended to use an IDE, for a tutorial on how to set one up click HERE
Other great resource for learning C++ from the ground up.

Printing text to the screen

//Text that starts with "//" is ignored by the compiler 
//This is the library that allows you to use the "cout" and "endl" objects
#include <iostream>

// int main is where you will be writing your code example
// int main(){code goes here}
int main()
{
	// std::cout is sending the text to your screen
	// note: 'std::' means you are using a member of the namespace 'std'
	// more on that later.
	std::cout << "This text will appear on your sceen\n";
	std::cout << "This text will appear on your sceen\n";
	// note: all statements must end with a ; such as above


	return 0;
}

---

Using Data

#include <iostream>

int main()
{
	// Numbers in C (or C++) can be stored in variables
	// Each type can store a different type of data
	// For example an int is created by typing keyword int followed by a name, for this example bill
	int bill; //this int can store Integers -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 etc
	bool tom; //can store true or false
	float jim; //can store a decimal
	char tommy; //this takes characters such as 'x' or 'b'

	// variables can be created with no data and set later in the program such as here
	bill = 5;
	tom = true;
	jim = 1.5;
	tommy = 'b';

	// just to prove everything works we will print these to the screen
	std::cout << "BIL " << bill << '\n';
	std::cout << "TOM " << tom << '\n';
	std::cout << "JIM " << jim << '\n';
	std::cout << "TOMMY "<< tommy << '\n';
	// note: tom will appear as 1 or 0 depending on the true/false state 

	return 0;
}

---

Conditions

#include <iostream>

int main()
{

	int bill = 5;
	char tommy = 'b';
	// the if statement will look if the condition inside its brackets is true,
	// if it is it will run the block of code below
	// we are using the Equal to operator "==" to check if bill is equal to 5

	// other operators include 
	// !=	Not equal to
	// >	Greater than
	// <=	Less than or equal to
	// >=	Greater than or equal to

	if(bill == 5)
	{
		tommy = 'X';
		// because bill is equal to 5 tommy will become X
		}

	if(bill == 6)
	{
		tommy = 'Y';
		//because bill is not equal to 6 this code is ignored
	}

	std::cout << "TOMMY " << tommy << '\n';

	return 0;
}

---

Loops

#include <iostream>

int main()
{
	int bill = 5;
	char tommy = 'b';

	// like if, the while loop will run code if the condition is true
	// unlike if, while loops do not stop until the condition becomes false
	// below we used the Not equal to operator to check if bill is not equal to 0
	while (bill != 0)
	{
		//while bill is not equal to 0 the loop will run and print out tommy
		std::cout << "TOMMY " << tommy << '\n';

		//the loop will also reduce bill by 1  each time it runs:
		bill--;
		//thanks to the decrement operator "bill--" bill could also be Incremented with "bill++"
	}

	return 0;
}